An "e" is added to the ending of a verb, when the verb stem ends in
| 1. | d, t |
| 2. | b, p, d, t, g, k, f, s, ch, sch + m or n |
This occurs in the following cases *:
| present indicative | Präteritum indicative | past participle (Partizip II) | |
| regular verbs | 2. person singular | all persons in singular and plural | formation of the past participle (Partizip II) |
| 3. person singular | |||
| 2. person plural | |||
| irregular verbs | 2. person singular** | 2nd person plural | --- |
| 3. person singular** | |||
| 2. person plural |
* possible or obligatory e-addition in the imperative is not included here. See more at "Formation of the imperative form".
** does not apply to those irregular verbs that undergo a change in the verb stem vowel in the 2nd and 3rd person singular (e.g. laden = du lädst, er lädt).
Some examples:
| regular verbs | |||||||
|
present indicative
|
Präteritum indicative | past participle (Partizip II) | |||||
| person | stem | ending | stem | ending | |||
| ich |
arbeit
|
e |
arbeit
|
ete | gearbeitet | ||
| du |
arbeit
|
est |
arbeit
|
etest | |||
| er / sie / es |
arbeit
|
et |
arbeit
|
ete | |||
| wir |
arbeit
|
en |
arbeit
|
eten | |||
| ihr |
arbeit
|
et |
arbeit
|
etet | |||
| sie |
arbeit
|
en |
arbeit
|
eten | |||
| Sie |
arbeit
|
en |
arbeit
|
eten | |||
| irregular verbs | |||||
|
present indicative
|
Präteritum indicative | ||||
| person | stem | ending | stem | ending | |
| ich |
find
|
e |
fand
|
-- | |
| du |
find
|
est |
fand
|
st | |
| er / sie / es |
find
|
et |
fand
|
-- | |
| wir |
find
|
en |
fand
|
en | |
| ihr |
find
|
et |
fand
|
et | |
| sie |
find
|
en |
fand
|
en | |
| Sie |
find
|
en |
fand
|
en | |