Present Perfect

Present Perfect

CA13

 

The present perfect is formed with the auxiliary verbs haben or sein and the past participle (Partizip II). The verb determines which of the two auxiliary verbs will be used. See more at Tenses with haben or sein.

 

Present perfect indicative
person auxiliary verb past participle (Partizip II)
ich habe gegeben
du hast
er / sie / es hat
wir haben
ihr habt
sie haben
Sie haben

 

 

Present perfect indicative
person auxiliary verb past participle (Partizip II)
ich bin gekommen
du bist
er / sie / es ist
wir sind
ihr seid
sie sind
Sie sind

Perfect

CA13A

 

Formation of the past participle (Partizip II)

 

The past participle (Partizip II) of the irregular verbs is formed with the "ge" prefix , the present perfect stem and the suffix "en".

 

Examples
gehen
ge
+
gang
+
en
gegangen
stehen
stand
gestanden
nehmen
nomm
genommen
sprechen
sproch
gesprochen
kommen
komm
gekommen
         
infinitive
prefix ge
+
present perfect stem
+
ending -en
past participle(Partizip II)

Perfect

CA13B

In separable verbs,"ge" is placed between the verb prefix and the verb stem.

 

Examples
ausgehen
aus
+
ge
+
gang-en
ausgegangen
anstehen
an
stand-en
angestanden
             
infinitive
verb prefix
+
prefix "ge"
+
present perfect stem & ending -en
past participle (Partizip II)

Perfect

CA13C

 

In inseparable verbs, the past participle (Partizip II) is formed without the use of  the "ge" prefix. See more at Past Participle with/without -ge-.

 

Examples        
begehen
be
+
gang-en
begangen
verstehen
ver
stand-en
verstanden
         
infinitive
verb prefix
+
present perfect stem & ending -en
past participle (Partizip II)

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