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SENTENCE GRAMMAR
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SENTENCE GRAMMAR
Sentence structure
Complements

Categories

WORD GRAMMAR (10)▾
⤷
Verb (9)▾
⤷
Conjugation in indicative (6)▾
⤷
Regular verbs (6)▾
⤷
Present Tense
⤷
Präteritum
⤷
Present Perfect
⤷
Past Perfect
⤷
Simple Future
⤷
Future Perfect
⤷
Irregular verbs (8)▾
⤷
Present Tense (1)▾
⤷
All verbs with stem vowel change in the present tense
⤷
Präteritum
⤷
Present Perfect
⤷
Past Perfect
⤷
Simple Future
⤷
Future Perfect
⤷
List of irregular verbs
⤷
(Ir)regular forms of verb stem
⤷
Mixed verbs (6)▾
⤷
Present Tense
⤷
Präteritum
⤷
Present Perfect
⤷
Past Perfect
⤷
Simple Future
⤷
Future Perfect
⤷
Auxiliary verbs (6)▾
⤷
Present Tense
⤷
Präteritum
⤷
Present Perfect
⤷
Past Perfect
⤷
Simple Future
⤷
Future Perfect
⤷
Modal verbs (6)▾
⤷
Present Tense
⤷
Präteritum
⤷
Present Perfect
⤷
Past Perfect
⤷
Simple Future
⤷
Future Perfect
⤷
Special features regarding verb conjugation (7)▾
⤷
Tenses with -haben- or -sein-
⤷
Past Participle with/without the prefix -ge-
⤷
e- addition
⤷
-s- merge
⤷
-e- deletion
⤷
Special cases of perfect tenses formation
⤷
Separable / Inseparable verbs
⤷
Person and number (1)▾
⤷
Difficulties in agreement (concord)
⤷
Tenses (9)▾
⤷
Present Tense
⤷
Präteritum
⤷
Present perfect
⤷
Past Perfect
⤷
Simple Future
⤷
Future Perfect
⤷
Expressing a supposition / prediction
⤷
Overview of tense uses
⤷
Sequence of tenses
⤷
Voice (8)▾
⤷
Active and passive voice
⤷
Formation of the passive voice
⤷
Conversion from active to passive voice (2)▾
⤷
Personal passive
⤷
Impersonal passive
⤷
Passive with modal verbs
⤷
Agent in passive voice
⤷
Verbs without a passive voice
⤷
Zustandspassiv (sein- passive) (2)▾
⤷
Formation
⤷
Distinguishing the Zustandspassiv from other forms
⤷
Alternative ways of passive voice formation (2)▾
⤷
without a modal meaning
⤷
with a modal meaning
⤷
Mood (4)▾
⤷
Indicative
⤷
Konjunktiv I (2)▾
⤷
Conjugation (3)▾
⤷
Present Tense
⤷
Present Perfect
⤷
Simple future - Future perfect
⤷
Indirect speech
⤷
Konjunktiv II (8)▾
⤷
Conjugation (3)▾
⤷
Präteritum
⤷
Past Perfect
⤷
The "würde" forms
⤷
Declarative clauses (unreal)
⤷
Optative clauses (unreal)
⤷
Polite expression of requests
⤷
Conditional clauses (unreal)
⤷
Concessive clauses (unreal)
⤷
Consecutive clauses (unreal)
⤷
Clauses of comparison (unreal)
⤷
Imperative (2)▾
⤷
Formation of the imperative
⤷
Alternative structures of the imperative
⤷
Verb categories (5)▾
⤷
Full verbs
⤷
Auxiliary verbs
⤷
Modal verbs (10)▾
⤷
dürfen
⤷
können
⤷
mögen / ich möchte
⤷
müssen
⤷
sollen
⤷
wollen
⤷
Subjective meaning of modal verbs
⤷
Meaning of modal verbs (Overview)
⤷
Verbs that express modality
⤷
Special features
⤷
Copular(linking) verbs
⤷
Empty (light) verbs
⤷
Valency (3)▾
⤷
Personal / impersonal
⤷
Transitive / intransitive (1)▾
⤷
Special features
⤷
Reflexive / reciprocal (3)▾
⤷
Reflexive verbs
⤷
Reciprocal verbs
⤷
Notes
⤷
Semantic categories of verbs
⤷
Finite / non-finite verb forms (3)▾
⤷
Infinitive
⤷
Present participle
⤷
Past participle
⤷
Noun (4)▾
⤷
Gender (2)▾
⤷
Form and gender
⤷
Special features
⤷
Number (3)▾
⤷
Formation of the plural (2)▾
⤷
Type of plural according to word ending
⤷
Umlaut in the plural
⤷
Only in singular or plural number
⤷
Special features
⤷
Case (4)▾
⤷
Nominative case
⤷
Genitive case
⤷
Dative case
⤷
Accusative case
⤷
Declension (5)▾
⤷
First declension (4)▾
⤷
Genitive with -s/-es
⤷
s- doubling
⤷
n-doubling
⤷
-mann / -leute
⤷
Second declension (1)▾
⤷
Exceptions
⤷
Declension of nominalized adjectives
⤷
Proper names (person)
⤷
Geographical names
⤷
Adjective (5)▾
⤷
Use (1)▾
⤷
Adjectives with limited uses
⤷
Declension (5)▾
⤷
First declension (der-die-das - declension) (1)▾
⤷
Other determiners (First declension)
⤷
Second declension (ein-eine-ein - declension)
⤷
Third declension (zero article - declension) (1)▾
⤷
Other determiners (Third declension)
⤷
All words that can complement an adjective
⤷
Special features
⤷
Comparison (5)▾
⤷
Positive
⤷
Comparative
⤷
Superlative
⤷
Absolute superlative
⤷
Formation (1)▾
⤷
According to their use
⤷
Complements
⤷
Numerals (6)▾
⤷
Cardinal numerals
⤷
Ordinal numerals
⤷
Fractional numerals
⤷
Multiplicative numerals
⤷
Generic numerals
⤷
Indefinite numeral adjectives
⤷
Adverb (3)▾
⤷
Use
⤷
Adverb categories (6)▾
⤷
Adverbs of time
⤷
Adverbs of reason / purpose
⤷
Adverbs of manner
⤷
Adverbs of place
⤷
Interrogative adverbs
⤷
The Konjuktionaladverbien
⤷
Comparison
⤷
Article (3)▾
⤷
Use (3)▾
⤷
Definite article
⤷
Indefinite article
⤷
Zero article
⤷
Declension (2)▾
⤷
Definite article
⤷
Indefinite article
⤷
Article merge with preposition
⤷
Pronoun (9)▾
⤷
Personal pronouns (1)▾
⤷
The pronoun es
⤷
Reflexive pronouns
⤷
Reciprocal pronouns
⤷
Possessive pronouns
⤷
Demonstrative pronouns (7)▾
⤷
der, die, das
⤷
solch-
⤷
selbst / selber
⤷
derlei / dergleichen
⤷
derselbe
⤷
derjenige
⤷
dies- / jen-
⤷
Interrogative pronouns (3)▾
⤷
wer / was
⤷
welch-
⤷
was für ein-
⤷
Relative pronouns (2)▾
⤷
der, die, das
⤷
wer / was
⤷
Indefinite pronouns (10)▾
⤷
ein- / kein- / welch-
⤷
man
⤷
jemand / niemand
⤷
etwas / nichts
⤷
all-
⤷
einig- / mehrer-
⤷
manch-
⤷
beide
⤷
irgendein- / irgendwelch-
⤷
jed- / jedermann
⤷
The Praepositionaladverbien (2)▾
⤷
Form
⤷
Use
⤷
Preposition (5)▾
⤷
Use
⤷
Meaning (2)▾
⤷
Prepositions Ι (23)▾
⤷
ab
⤷
an
⤷
auf
⤷
aus
⤷
bei
⤷
bis
⤷
durch
⤷
für
⤷
gegen
⤷
gegenuber
⤷
hinter
⤷
in
⤷
mit
⤷
nach
⤷
neben
⤷
ohne
⤷
über
⤷
um
⤷
unter
⤷
von
⤷
vor
⤷
zu
⤷
zwischen
⤷
Prepositions ΙI
⤷
Case (6)▾
⤷
Accusative
⤷
Dative
⤷
Genitive
⤷
Accusative or dative
⤷
Overview
⤷
Special features
⤷
Position
⤷
Preposition merge with article
⤷
Conjunction (3)▾
⤷
Form
⤷
Use (3)▾
⤷
Coordinating conjunctions
⤷
Subordinating conjunctions
⤷
Two-part conjunctions
⤷
Meaning (11)▾
⤷
Copulative
⤷
disjunctive
⤷
adversative (contrastive)
⤷
final
⤷
causal
⤷
conditional
⤷
consecutive
⤷
concessive
⤷
modal
⤷
temporal
⤷
empty
⤷
Particle
⤷
Interjection
SENTENCE GRAMMAR (6)▾
⤷
Clause types (5)▾
⤷
Declarative clauses
⤷
Interrogative clauses (2)▾
⤷
yes-no questions
⤷
Question-word questions
⤷
Imperative clauses
⤷
Optative clauses
⤷
Exclamative clauses
⤷
Complex clauses (4)▾
⤷
Coordination and subordination (1)▾
⤷
Contracted clauses
⤷
Form of subordinate clauses (2)▾
⤷
with / without introductory word
⤷
with finite / non-finite verb form
⤷
Function of subordinate clauses (5)▾
⤷
Subject and object clause (4)▾
⤷
dass-clause
⤷
indirect interrogative clauses
⤷
Infinitive clauses without a conjunction
⤷
Finite clauses without a conjunction
⤷
Adverbial clauses (9)▾
⤷
Temporal clause
⤷
Causal clause
⤷
Conditional clause
⤷
Final clause
⤷
Consecutive clause
⤷
Concessive clause
⤷
Adversative clause
⤷
Modal clause
⤷
Clauses of place
⤷
Attributive clauses (1)▾
⤷
Relative clauses (2)▾
⤷
Introductory words
⤷
Relative clauses with wer / was
⤷
Sentential relative clauses
⤷
The Korrelat
⤷
Position of subordinate clauses
⤷
Constituents of a sentence (5)▾
⤷
Predicate
⤷
The predicative expression
⤷
Subject
⤷
Object
⤷
Adverbial complements
⤷
Sentence structure (4)▾
⤷
Valency
⤷
Complements
⤷
Primary structures
⤷
Secondary structures
⤷
Word order in a sentence (2)▾
⤷
Position of the Praedikat
⤷
Topological fields (3)▾
⤷
Vorfeld (Prefield)
⤷
Mittelfeld (Midfield) (4)▾
⤷
Subject
⤷
Object
⤷
Αdverbials
⤷
Syntactic tendencies and rules
⤷
Nachfeld (Postfield)
⤷
Negation

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